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Voici Otis 480, le “plus gros ours” du parc national de Katmai en Alaska

Voici Otis 480, le “plus gros ours” du parc national de Katmai en Alaska

Chaque année, le parc national de Katmai en Alaska organise une compétition insolite : celle du plus gros ours brun. Pendant une semaine, les internautes sont appelés à voter pour différents duels avant d’élire le grand vainqueur. C’est le mâle Otis 480 qui l’a emporté cette fois-ci.

Situé au sud-ouest de l’Alaska, le parc national de Katmai s’étend sur plus de 19.000 kilomètres carrés qui donnent à voir des paysages à couper le souffle. Mais l’endroit est aussi connu pour sa faune sauvage et pour cause, il est peuplé de plus de 2.000 ours bruns que l’on peut observer durant l’été pêcher des saumons dans les rivières du parc.

Chaque année, les plantureux plantigrades sont au coeur d’un concours insolite : celui de l’ours le plus dodu. Pendant une semaine, les internautes sont invités à voter pour l’un des spécimens évoluant au sein de la réserve. A leur disposition : les clichés les plus récents de chacun des candidats montrant leurs plus belles rondeurs.

Cette année, douze spécimens étaient en lice pour l’élection qui a démarré le 30 septembre et s’est achevé le 5 octobre. Et la rivalité s’annonçait encore une fois rude. Parmi les candidats, figuraient en effet plusieurs ex-champions dont le mâle 747 vainqueur de l’an passé et la femelle 435 Holly lauréate de 2019.

Au fil des “duels”, la liste s’est peu à peu réduite jusqu’à ce qu’il n’en reste plus que deux pour la dernière opposition. C’est finalement le mâle Otis 480 qui l’a emporté avec 51.230 voix contre 44.834 pour son rival 151 Walker qui ne manquait pourtant pas d’arguments. Il faut dire aussi qu’il n’en est pas à sa première victoire.

L’un des plus vieux ours de Brooks River

Otis 480 avait quatre à six ans quand il a été identifié pour la première fois dans le parc en 2001. Il est aujourd’hui l’un des plus vieux ours de la zone de Brooks River et son apparence traduit les difficultés auxquels il doit faire face. Il a perdu deux de ses canines et la plupart de ses dents sont très abimées.

Il doit également rivaliser avec les spécimens plus jeunes qui veulent profiter de ses sites de pêche. “Otis fait rarement des efforts pour chasser les saumons comme les ours plus jeunes et énergiques. Une fois que ses spots préférés sont disponibles, il profite de l’opportunité en dépensant peu d’énergie“, explique sa fiche de présentation.

Ceci n’a pas empêché de s’illustrer à trois reprises dans le concours de l’ours le plus dodu en 2014 lors de la première édition ainsi qu’en 2016 et 2017. Cette année, la performance du mâle, dont le poids est estimé à environ 450 kilos, est d’autant plus impressionnante qu’il s’est remis à pêcher tardivement à Brooks River.

Il est revenu à la rivière plus tard que d’habitude. Il était assez mince à ce moment mais il s’est joliment rempli. C’est vraiment drôle de voir l’amour des gens pour Otis s’exprimer à travers la compétition“, a expliqué au Washington Post, Mike Fitz naturaliste qui a participé à la création de la Fat Bear Week alors qu’il était ranger au parc de Katmai.

Coup de projecteur sur le mode de vie des ours

Si la compétition comme les photos des concurrents ont de quoi faire sourire, l’objectif est surtout de mettre en lumière le mode de vie des mammifères. Ces derniers se nourrissent notamment dans les rivières riches en saumons qui font aussi la renommée du parc de l’Alaska. Mais cette activité ne dure pas toute l’année.

Comme les autres ours, Otis, Holly, 747 et leurs congénères passent plusieurs mois à hiberner, ou plus exactement hiverner. Une période durant laquelle ils demeurent dans leur tanière et ne se nourrissent pas. Pour préparer ce jeûne de longue durée, les animaux doivent ainsi faire des réserves et se nourrir en grandes quantités.

En quelques mois, leur masse peut augmenter de 30 à 50% pour grimper jusqu’à plusieurs centaines de kilogrammes. “La capacité de ces ours bruns à stocker les kilos constitue leur force pour passer l’hiver et être capable de survivre pour une autre année“, a précisé le National Park Service dans un communiqué.

Outre être un gage de bonne santé des mammifères, leurs rondeurs démontrent également que l’écosystème entier, ses poissons et ses eaux demeurent abondants et capables de fournir ce dont ses habitants ont besoin. “Les ours gros n’existent que grâce à de l’eau propre et des écosystèmes sains“, a rappelé le parc.

Les votes de la compétition de “l’ours le plus gros” ont eu lieu sur le site Explore.org. La plateforme propose plusieurs retransmissions en direct notamment des alentours de Brooks Falls qui permettent d’observer les ours en pleine action. Avec un peu de chance, il peut être possible d’y repérer le grand vainqueur ou certains des concurrents.

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